{"id":1470,"date":"2026-09-08T05:11:28","date_gmt":"2026-09-08T05:11:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mepco.co\/?post_type=blog&#038;p=1470"},"modified":"2026-09-12T01:11:23","modified_gmt":"2026-09-12T01:11:23","slug":"%d8%a5%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d8%a3%d9%87%d9%8a%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d8%b1%d9%82","status":"publish","type":"blog","link":"https:\/\/mepco.co\/ar\/blog\/%d8%a5%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d8%a3%d9%87%d9%8a%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d8%b1%d9%82\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0641\u061f \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062d\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<div class=\"container\">\n<div id=\"model-response-message-contentr_78f90655f8d6713f\" class=\"markdown markdown-main-panel md-content enable-luminous-fast-follows enable-updated-hr-color\" dir=\"rtl\" aria-busy=\"false\" aria-live=\"polite\">\n<p data-path-to-node=\"4\">\u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0635\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642: \u0647\u0644 \u0646\u0643\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0634\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0623\u0645 \u0646\u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u061f \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0643\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u064a \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 (Reflective Cracking). \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0635\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f. \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0645 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"5,1\">\u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 (\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 PCI \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 60 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0634\u0637 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 (FWD) \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0648\u0631\u0629 (IRI) \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062d\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647.<\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"6\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062d:<\/p>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"7\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"7,0,0\">\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 80% \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"7,1,0\">\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0641 (PCI) \u062c\u0646\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0637 (FWD) \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"7,2,0\">\u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 (LCCA) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 20 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"7,3,0\">\u064a\u064f\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0643\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u062a\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0647.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"9\">1. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0641<\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"10\">\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0641\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0640 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a&#8221; (Functional Failure). \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a (Bleeding)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a (Resurfacing \/ Mill &amp; Overlay) \u0628\u0633\u0645\u0643 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 4 \u0625\u0644\u0649 5 \u0633\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"11\">\u0623\u0645\u0627 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a&#8221; (Structural Failure)\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633) \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 (Alligator Cracking)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a (Rutting)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642.<\/p>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"13\">2. \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644\u061f<\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"14\">\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0645 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<div class=\"horizontal-scroll-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"table-block-component\">\n<div class=\"table-block has-export-button new-table-style has-scrollbar is-at-scroll-start\">\n<div class=\"table-content md-content\" data-hveid=\"0\" data-ved=\"0CAAQ3ecQahgKEwjx6IXsnd2WAxUAAAAAHQAAAAAQjgw\">\n<table data-path-to-node=\"15\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<th>\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a (Resurfacing)<\/th>\n<th>\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a (Rehabilitation)<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062d<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0641 (PCI)<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0646 60 \u0625\u0644\u0649 85 (\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629)<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 45 \u0625\u0644\u0649 55 (\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u062f\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629)<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0641 \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0641\u0642 ASTM D6433<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u062f (Rutting Depth)<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 10 \u0645\u0644\u0645 (\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629)<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 15 \u0625\u0644\u0649 25 \u0645\u0644\u0645 (\u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633)<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 (Alligator)<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 5% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 20% \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u062e \u0628\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 (Asphalt Cores)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0641 (Deflection &#8211; FWD)<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633<\/td>\n<td>\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0637 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642<\/td>\n<td>\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0643\u0634\u0637 \u0648\u0633\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u062e\u0631 8 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"table-footer hide-on-print hide-from-message-actions\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"17\">3. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629<\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"18\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629:<\/p>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"19\">\u0623. \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0637 (Falling Weight Deflectometer &#8211; FWD)<\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"20\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0641. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 (Resilient Modulus) \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"21\">\u0628. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641 (Coring &amp; Test Pits)<\/h3>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"22\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"22,0,0\">\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u062e\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0648\u062e\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 (Top-down) \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0637\u060c \u0623\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u062e \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 (Bottom-up) \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"22,1,0\">\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0634\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0627 (CBR) \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"23\">\u062c. \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 (International Roughness Index &#8211; IRI)<\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"24\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0648\u0631\u0629\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0628. \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 IRI \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"26\">4. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644<\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"27\">\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u063a\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0631\u0635\u0641 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"28\">\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0641:<\/p>\n<ol start=\"1\" data-path-to-node=\"29\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"29,0,0\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647: \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 (Underdrains) \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"29,1,0\">\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0646\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0625\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062d \u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0634\u064a\u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"29,2,0\">\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646 (Full Depth Reclamation &#8211; FDR) \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"31\">5. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 (LCCA)<\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"32\">\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 (Initial Capital Cost)\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0630\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 (Life-Cycle Cost Analysis) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 20 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/p>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"33\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"33,0,0\">\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641: \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0643\u0634\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0629 \u0643\u0644 3 \u0625\u0644\u0649 5 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0644\u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"33,1,0\">\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644: \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0645\u0646 15 \u0625\u0644\u0649 20 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"35\">6. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"36\">\u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"37\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"37,0,0\">\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a (Saudi Road Code): \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 (\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0641 (Asphalt Recycling).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"37,1,0\">\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 (\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a): \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0641 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"37,2,0\">\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u062d\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631 (PMA) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"39\">7. \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u064a\u0628\u0643\u0648 (MEPCO)<\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"40\">\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0648\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u064a\u0628\u0643\u0648. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 <a class=\"ng-star-inserted\" href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?q=https:\/\/mepco.co\/ar\/general-contracting\/&amp;authuser=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-hveid=\"0\" data-ved=\"0CAAQ_4QMahgKEwjx6IXsnd2WAxUAAAAAHQAAAAAQkAw\">\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0628\u0643\u0648<\/a>\u060c \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0637 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"41\">\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u064a\u0628\u0643\u0648 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 <a class=\"ng-star-inserted\" href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?q=https:\/\/mepco.co\/ar\/steel-industries\/&amp;authuser=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-hveid=\"0\" data-ved=\"0CAAQ_4QMahgKEwjx6IXsnd2WAxUAAAAAHQAAAAAQkQw\">\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a<\/a>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 (Crash Barriers)\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0628\u0643\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"43\">8. \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 (Checklist) \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629<\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"44\">\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"45\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"45,0,0\">[ ] \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u062d \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0641 (PCI) \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u061f<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"45,1,0\">[ ] \u0647\u0644 \u062c\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0637 (FWD) \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641\u061f<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"45,2,0\">[ ] \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"45,3,0\">[ ] \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"45,4,0\">[ ] \u0647\u0644 \u0648\u064f\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0637 \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0643\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u061f<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"45,5,0\">[ ] \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"45,6,0\">[ ] \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0640 Straightedge \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631\u061f<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"47\">9. \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"48\">\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0641 \u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"49\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u060c <a class=\"ng-star-inserted\" href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?q=https:\/\/mepco.co\/ar\/contact\/&amp;authuser=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-hveid=\"0\" data-ved=\"0CAAQ_4QMahgKEwjx6IXsnd2WAxUAAAAAHQAAAAAQkgw\">\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0628\u0643\u0648<\/a> \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0643.<\/p>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"52\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642<\/h2>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"53\">\u06331: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0641 (PCI) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u061f<\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"54\">\u062c: \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0641 (Pavement Condition Index &#8211; PCI) \u0628\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 0 \u0625\u0644\u0649 100 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a ASTM D6433. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0646 45 \u0625\u0644\u0649 50 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631.<\/p>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"55\">\u06332: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0643\u0634\u0637 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u061f<\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"56\">\u062c: \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0643\u0634\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0640 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0636\u064a\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"57\">\u06333: \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0641 \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642 (FDR) \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644\u061f<\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"58\">\u062c: \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642 (Full Depth Reclamation &#8211; FDR) \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0637\u062d\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0641\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0637\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"59\">\u06334: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0627\u062d\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u061f<\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"60\">\u062c: \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 (ESALs) \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u064a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u062d\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 (IRI) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 (FWD). \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 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